Continuation of what’s important in chemistry…..
- Structure of atom isotopes, isobars, isotones, isoelectronic, isosters and nuclear isomers, wavelength, wave number and its formula; atomic spectra is also important, know the series; formula for angular momentum, energy of electron, radius of orbit, number of revolutions made by an electron around the nucleus and ionization energy; photoelectric effect, Planck’s constant, deBroglie equation, uncertainty principle, Schrodinger wave equation, all the quantum numbers and the related problem sums are super important, Aufbau, Pauli’s and Hund’s principles are equally important as they may give you a question and ask which principle is it.
- Thermodynamics What I did for this chapter was went through my class 12th text book and the notes given in B.Sc., made notes like jotting down the thermodynamic laws, formulae and any important point on which question might appear and also to clear up my fundamental concepts and solved all the problem sums based on this chapter. This will increase your confidence.
- Redox reactions You should know how to find out the valency of each element in a compound. Also please know some of the exceptions as the basic rule of redox chemistry doesn’t apply to all compounds.
- Solutions and Colligative properties Sums are important
- Chemical kinetics and Chemical equilibrium Le Chatelier’s principle and how to calculate; rate of reaction and its formula, first, second, third and pseudo first order reactions and the formulae for their rates, respectively; units of rate constants; molecularity; half-life period and the formula for each order, the graphical method of representation of each order, slope for each order; formula for activation energy is extremely important; collision theory and transition theory. Please stress on the problem sums – they’re really very important.
- Electrochemistry Important – problems on Kohlraushch’s law, resistance, conductance, half-cell reactions, Faraday’s law, Nernst equation, Gibb’s free energy, EMF.
- s,p,d and f-block elements Outer electronic configurations, Oxidation states based on the outer electronic configuration, d-d transition. Know the characteristics of every element, the series of elements in each group, important – colour exhibited by the elements.
- Coordination chemistry and Organometallics You need to know some definitions like coordination entity, coordination complex, ligands, coordination number, coordination sphere etc.; types of ligands and chelates; Werner’s coordination theory; nomenclature; isomerism; Valence bond theory – common types of geometry and hybrid orbitals so that you can find out the geometry, electronic configuration, hybridization and whether para- or diamagnetic easily; Crystal field splitting; metal carbonyls
- Basic principles of Organic chemistry nomenclature systems of aliphatic and aromatic compounds, nomenclature for compounds with functional groups; electromeric and inductive effect; reaction intermediates; types of bond fission; types of attacking reagents; types of reaction. Naming compounds based on IUPAC system ought to be at your fingertips.
- Isomerism in Organic Compounds Study the different kinds of isomerism of organic compounds: enantiomers, chirality, meso compounds, diastereomers; Specific rotation; Racemisation, Walden Inversion, SN1 and 2 mechanism; Fischer projection; D and L configurations; R and S configurations; E, Z system; Conformational isomerism; Conformation of cycloalkanes, chair and boat conformation, Energy and stability graphs of these conformations, Newman and Sawhorse projections.
If I have missed out on any chapter or any important content, please excuse me for that. I have tried my best to compile all that I could remember, keeping in mind the best you can gain from this. I will repeat again…please do solve question papers as you will get a hang of the possible questions, questions that are frequently asked or repeated periodically over the years and the way questions are asked. Follow the guidelines I have given as to which parts are important because these are likely to be asked as per what I have observed while going through the previous years’ papers.
More coming soon….